4 Clear criteria for defining leptin resistance and its diagnostic use have not been established. A minor increase in leptin concentration reduces the appetite and leads to a decrease in body weight 3 however, in obesity, despite increased leptin concentration, the efficacy of the anorexic effect of leptin is decreased, 1, 3 with leptin resistance developing due to a defect in intracellular signaling associated with the leptin receptor or decreases in leptin transport across the blood–brain barrier (BBB). 1, 2 More than 20 years ago, leptin and its receptors were identified as key regulators of body weight and energy homeostasis. Leptin is an adipocyte-secreted hormone that regulates the appetite and represents a key factor in the development of obesity, a serious medical, social, and economic problem in modern society.
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